What is Drug Trafficking in Florida?

When people hear the term “drug trafficking,” they often imagine large-scale international smuggling—bricks of cocaine hidden on a plane or massive shipments arriving by boat. However, in Florida, trafficking charges do not necessarily require transportation or distribution. Simply possessing a specific amount of a controlled substance can lead to a trafficking charge, even if there’s no evidence of selling or intent to distribute.

With Florida’s harsh mandatory minimum sentences, anyone facing drug trafficking charges in Tampa, Hillsborough, Pinellas, or Polk counties must take their defense seriously and act quickly.

What Qualifies as Drug Trafficking in Florida?

Under Florida Statute, 893.135, a person commits drug trafficking if they:

• Knowingly possess, sell, purchase, manufacture, deliver, or import a controlled substance.
• Have a quantity that meets or exceeds the statutory trafficking threshold for that substance.

Even if the drugs were for personal use, possessing a large enough amount automatically escalates the charge to trafficking, triggering severe penalties.

How Prosecutors Prove Drug Trafficking

To secure a drug trafficking conviction, prosecutors must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that:

1. The defendant was aware of the presence of the controlled substance.
2. The defendant knowingly exercised control over the substance.

Possession can be:

• Sole Possession – One person has exclusive control over the drugs.
• Joint Possession – Multiple individuals share control.

Affirmative Defense: Lack of Knowledge Florida law allows defendants to argue that they were unaware of the illicit nature of the substance. However, if the defendant had actual possession (i.e., drugs were on their person), a jury may infer knowledge.

How Law Enforcement Investigates Drug Trafficking Cases

Because drug trafficking carries severe penalties, law enforcement agencies invest significant resources into building cases. Common investigative tactics include:

• Confidential Informants – Individuals facing their own charges or working undercover assist law enforcement by conducting monitored transactions.
• Controlled Communications – Investigators may record phone calls, texts, and online messages as evidence.
• Surveillance Video – Long-term monitoring of suspects to establish patterns of activity.
• Digital Forensics – Law enforcement examines phones, computers, and social media for incriminating evidence.

These tactics generate extensive surveillance footage and recorded conversations, which prosecutors rely on in court.

Defenses Against Drug Trafficking Charges

Several defense strategies can be used to challenge drug trafficking allegations, including:

• Entrapment – Law enforcement or informants induced the defendant to commit an act they otherwise wouldn’t have done.
• Fourth Amendment Violations – Evidence may be suppressed if obtained through illegal search and seizure.
• Constructive Possession – If drugs were found in a shared space (e.g., vehicle, home), prosecutors must prove the defendant had actual control over them.
• Weight Disputes – Drug weight is critical in trafficking cases. Packaging and paraphernalia weight should not be included in the total.
• Substance Analysis – Field drug test kits can yield false positives. Only lab-confirmed results are admissible in court.
• Informant Credibility Issues – Confidential informants often have questionable motives, such as avoiding their own criminal penalties or receiving financial compensation, which may impact their reliability.
• Mistaken Identity – In multi-person operations, law enforcement may mistakenly arrest individuals with no actual involvement.

Trafficking Minimum Sentencing Chart

Substance	Quantity	Minimum Sentence	Fine
Cannabis (Marijuana)	25-2,000 lbs (300-2,000 plants)	3 years	$25,000
	2,000-10,000 lbs/plants	7 years	$50,000
	10,000+ lbs/plants	15 years	$200,000
Cocaine	28-200g	3 years	$50,000
	200-400g	7 years	$100,000
	400g-150kg	15 years	$250,000
Heroin	4-14g	3 years	$50,000
	14-28g	15 years	$100,000
	28g-30kg	25 years	$500,000
	30+ kg	Life in prison	$500,000
Fentanyl	4-14g	7 years	$50,000
	14-28g	20 years	$100,000
	28g+	25 years	$500,000
GHB	1-5kg	3 years	$50,000
	5-10kg	7 years	$100,000
	10kg+	15 years	$250,000
Hydrocodone	14-28g	3 years	$50,000
	28-50g	7 years	$100,000
	50-200g	15 years	$500,000
	200g-30kg	25 years	$750,000
LSD	1-5g	3 years	$50,000
	5-7g	7 years	$100,000
	7g+	15 years	$500,000
MDMA	10-200g	3 years	$50,000
	200-400g	7 years	$100,000
	400g+	15 years	$250,000
Methamphetamine	14-28g	3 years	$50,000
	28-200g	7 years	$100,000
	200g+	15 years	$250,000
Oxycodone	7-14g	3 years	$50,000
	14-25g	7 years	$100,000
	25-100g	15 years	$500,000
	100g-30kg	25 years	$750,000

How to Avoid Mandatory Minimum Sentences

Avoiding a mandatory minimum sentence requires a strong legal strategy. Options include:

1. Winning at Trial – Challenging the prosecution’s case and securing an acquittal.
2. Negotiating a Lesser Charge – If the prosecution faces evidentiary issues (e.g., unreliable informant), they may agree to reduce charges.
3. Cooperating with Law Enforcement – Providing substantial assistance in other investigations may lead to reduced penalties, though this carries significant risks.

Facing Drug Trafficking Charges? Act Now.

A drug trafficking conviction can permanently alter your life. If you or a loved one is facing charges, you need a criminal defense attorney who understands:

• How to challenge surveillance and informant evidence.
• How to negotiate with prosecutors for charge reductions or sentencing alternatives.
• How to fight improper law enforcement tactics, including illegal searches and entrapment.

At The Brancato Law Firm, P.A., attorney Rocky Brancato has over 25 years of criminal defense experience representing clients on drug charges. We know how to fight drug trafficking charges and protect your future.

Call us today for a confidential consultation at 813-592-8981.